HMGA1 and neoplasm: For example, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is associated with systemic tumor activity; squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) is commonly elevated in squamous epithelial cancers, and biomarkers such as TGF-β, bEGF, and HMGA1 are associated with angiogenesis, immune modulation, and metastatic potential, respectively.