Immunofluorescence analysis further demonstrated a positive correlation between high expression levels of JAML, TLR1, and TLR2 on CD8+ T cells and overall survival (OS) in lung cancer patients, suggesting CD8+ TRMs and JAML as valuable biomarkers for predicting NSCLC outcomes and as potential targets for immunotherapy (42). This evidence concerns the gene JAML and non-small cell lung carcinoma.