It has also been shown to improve immune cell homing into the tumor via modulation of endothelial adhesion molecules intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular-cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), facilitating increased adherence and extravasation of lymphocytes out of circulation and into the tumor (36, 37). This evidence concerns the gene VCAM1 and neoplasm.