ENTPD1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: We identified seven immunophenotypes as protective against IPF (Figure 6), including CD39+ CD8br %T cell (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.81–0.97, p = 0.008), CD39+ CD8br AC (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86–0.99, p = 0.028), CD28 on activated Treg (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.87–0.99, p = 0.021), CD25 on activated Treg (OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.74–0.94, p = 0.003), CD25 on CD39+ activated Treg (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.83–1.00, p = 0.049), CD39 on CD39+ CD8br (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.81–0.95, p = 0.001), and CD39 on monocyte (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93–1.00, p = 0.045).