Several studies have reported that CD155 activates the AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK pathways and regulates tumor progression.31,32 However, we observed no effect on phospho-AKT and phospho-ERK levels in A5 Nb-treated A549 and H441 cells compared to Ctrl Nb treatment (Supplementary Fig. 6a). Here, PVR is linked to neoplasm.