In their 2018 study, Yao et al performed a literature review of risk factors for surgical site infection.38 Patient associated factors included diabetes mellitus, body mass index more than 35 kilograms per meter squared, subcutaneous fat thickness, multiple medical comorbidities, current smoking and malnutrition defined by serum albumin <3.5 mg/dl. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is nutritional deficiency disease.