TNFRSF4 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: To test the targeting of the OX40L-OX40 axis in a human preclinical model, we adopted a protocol for inducing MASLD in human precision-cut liver slices.14 Human liver slices incubated in GFIPO media (containing glucose, fructose, insulin, palmitate, and oleate) developed steatosis and upregulation of genes involved in lipogenesis and inflammation (Fig S7H–I).