HIF1A and neoplasm: Increased expression of key genes of glycolysis and HIF-1α was verified in Neuromedin U (NMU) stimulation, which resulted in the activity of key enzymes PK and LDH increased and promoted the production of lactate by tumor cells, which could induce the differentiation of tumor-associated macrophages to an M2-like phenotype through the activation of HIF-1α, and induced the expression of arginase 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor to promote tumor invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis (94).