IGF1R and neoplasm: IGF1R inhibitors such as IMC-A12 and picropodophyllin effectively suppress GBM growth in preclinical models, reducing tumor proliferation and angiogenesis.288,289 These findings highlight IGF1R as a promising therapeutic target, warranting further investigation into its role in chemoresistance and the potential benefits of combination therapies integrating IGF1R inhibitors with standard GBM treatments.