APP and Alzheimer disease: In vivo studies have validated the efficacy of herbal medicines in reducing Aβ accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment across various AD models, including APP transgenic mice, BALB/c mice, 5×FAD mice, SAMP8 mice, ICR mice, Kunming mice, and C57BL/6 mice.