Notably, the combined model incorporating DCs, naïve CD4+ T cells, and hub gene expression profiles achieved exceptional diagnostic accuracy in non-HF patients (AUC = 0.976, 95% CI 0.901–1.000) and maintained robust performance in established HF patients (AUC = 0.852, 95% CI 0.684–0.957) (Figure 7E‒F). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is hydrops fetalis.