DKK1 and neoplasm: On the basis of the pathways specifically enriched in antibody-secreting cells infiltrated by IBC tumours, we found that the relevant molecules involved in these pathways (DKK1, CLU, IFNG, CXCL13, CLDN3, TPM1, APOD, DCN, SFRP2, and COL3A1) had a broadly high expression profile not only in antibody-secreting cells but also in B cells (Fig. 3h).