Other CKD risk factors include family history of kidney disease (e.g. APOL1-mediated kidney disease common in people of West African ancestry), prior AKI, pregnancy-related kidney disease (e.g. pre-eclampsia), malignancy, autoimmune disorders (systemic lupus erythematosus, vasculitis), individuals born with low birth weight or pre-term, obstructive uropathy, recurrent kidney stones, and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) (see Figure 1)3. This evidence concerns the gene APOL1 and kidney disorder.