While current research has systematically characterized the molecular interplay between specific adipokines (e.g., leptin, adiponectin) and thyroid cancer progression through canonical signaling pathways (JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT), the precise downstream signaling pathways and the relationship between obesity and metastatic spread remain poorly understood. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.