TNF and intervertebral disk degenerative disorder: Previous studies have reported that macrophages could release various inflammatory mediators, including TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6, which promoted the disc cell degeneration and deterioration.[14, 15] M1‐type macrophages represent a crucial subset of pro‐inflammatory immune cells, and emerging evidence demonstrates a positive correlation between M1 macrophage polarization and IDD progression.[11, 12] The interaction between macrophages and the NP cells is complex and might play vital roles in IDD progression.