We observed atypical hyperplasia lesions or squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, esophagus, and stomach, 8/10 PT+/p53-KO mice, 5/10 PT-/p53-KO mice, 3/10 PT+/p53-WT mice and 3/10 PT-/p53-WT mice developed distinct squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue (Fig. 5C). Here, F2 is linked to squamous cell carcinoma.