TDG and cancer: Ten-eleven translocation(TET) proteins, with their ability to iteratively oxidize the 5mCto 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine (5hmC), 5-formyl cytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC), play a crucial role in this reversal process.−,  Then, thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) removes 5fC and 5caC, turning5mC back into cytosine through a base excision repair (BER) mechanism.−, ,  5mC and its oxidative modifications play critical roles in celldevelopment and epigenetic regulations;, however, malfunctionsin this system have been linked to cancer and other diseases.−, , ,