Interestingly, increased production of CCL5 and CXCL10 is also observed from CNS-resident cells following viral infections of the CNS (Asensio et al., 1999; Wang and Campbell, 2005), with CXCL10 linked to effector T cell trafficking to the CNS (Dufour et al., 2002). Here, CXCL10 is linked to viral infectious disease.