PDCD1 and neoplasm: Besides targeting NKG2DLs, a group of CAR designs does not use NKG2D ectodomains but uses scFv instead such as anti-mesothelin (25, 63, 67), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) (67), and glypican 3 protein (GPC3) (63), programmed cell death-1 (PD1) (53, 54) and NKG2D receptor or associated components such as NKG2D transmembrane and DAP10 to diversify the tumor targeting to other tumor-associated antigens.