Immune analyses showed that SNRPB2 expression correlated with increased infiltration of activated CD8+ T cells, γδ T cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes, as well as immune-related genes including PDCD1, CD274, CTLA4, HLA-DRA, and B2M. These findings suggest a dual role for SNRPB2 in promoting tumor progression and modulating the immune microenvironment in ESCA. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.