CCL16 and neoplasm: As shown in Supplementary Table 2, NAT led to the upregulation of multiple immunomodulatory factors, including IL-6 (147.5-fold), CCL2 (17.1-fold), BMP6 (6.4-fold), IL-33 (5.0-fold), CXCL12 (4.7-fold), IGF1 (3.5-fold), IL-10 (2.5-fold), TNFSF8 (2.0-fold), CX3CL1 (1.9-fold), PDGF-D (1.7-fold), CCL16 (1.6-fold), and TNFSF12 (1.4-fold), thereby influencing the immunological tumor microenvironment.