Spatial transcriptomics (ST) further elucidated SynOV’s impact on tumor and TME spatial specificity, showing increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages in the tumor core, a decrease in the distribution of immunosuppressive cells, and upregulation of apoptosis-related genes in tumor cells post-SynOV treatment. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.