,34 Using hiPSC-CMs from three typical clinical LVNC family lines,20 we then identified that PDE4DIP was differentially expressed in LVNC-derived and normal control (NC)-derived hiPSC-CMs,20 indicating that PDE4DIP could be potential pathogenic candidate gene of LVNC. This evidence concerns the gene PDE4DIP and left ventricular noncompaction.