For example, genetic alterations can enhance NSC functionality by promoting the release of neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which are vital for neuronal sustenance in neurodegenerative diseases (Takahashi et al., 2022). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.