Further, Microdissected tumor DNA from MSSE patients with constitutional TGFBR1 mutations reveals somatic loss of heterozygosity at the TGFBR1 locus, with the mutant allele retained, suggesting that TGFBR1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene (Bose et al., 2006). This evidence concerns the gene TGFBR1 and neoplasm.