Using forward stepwise regression to construct optimal models, we found that: When TNM stage was included as a covariate, tumor size and vascular invasion emerged as risk factors while PPP1R12B served as a protective factor (Figure 2A); and when TNM stage was excluded, PPP1R12B remained protective, while tumor size, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis became significant risk factors (Figure 2B). This evidence concerns the gene PPP1R12B and metastatic malignant neoplasm in the lymph nodes.