Moreover, VEGF-D,ANGPT2, FGFR3 and CXCL12 were also reported to promote lymphangiogenesis [32–34].However, we found that VEGF-D, ANGPT2, FGFR3 and CXCL12 remained unchanged in circPDLIM5-overexpressing and circPDLIM5-knockdown PCa cells through ELISA and PCR assays (Supplemental Figs. 8E-L).As PROX1 is crucial for the formation and development of lymphatic vessels [23, 35], we next applied qRT-PCR and western blotting to measure the PROX1 expression in HLECs when treated with EVs-circPDLIM5 or the control. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFD and posterior cortical atrophy.