NFKB1 and infection: During infection with other viruses, such as Hepatitis D virus (HDV), vaccinia (VACV), Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or SARS-CoV-2, CAD has been described to be activated during infection and this activation was described to be important for viral replication and NF-κB inactivation [53–56].