Once the infection is detected, M1 macrophages are responsible for the response activation of the host9,12,13 and then initiate a significant cytotoxic function against infected cells,14,15 especially secreting reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and promoting arginine metabolism.9,12 In contrast, M2 subtypes are essential for tissue repair,9 acting on remodeling and angiogenesis processes.16,17. This evidence concerns the gene NOS2 and infection.