Pro-inflammatory cytokine mediators including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 contribute to gastric ulceration by promoting inflammation and tissue damage, and oxidant/anti-oxidant mediators such as SOD, MDA, and GSH-Px play a role in ulcer development by causing oxidative stress and impairing mucosal defense mechanisms. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is gastric ulcer.