HSPA5 and glioma: To further investigate the mechanisms underlying CLU’s role in glioma, we utilized two bioinformatics tools, TIMER2.0 (Supplementary Figure S4B–I) and GEPIA 2.0 (Supplementary Figure S4J–Q), to analyze the correlations between CLU expression and the expression of BAX, BCL2L1, PRNP, HSPA5, XRCC6, APP, LRP2, and TTR genes.