HSPA5 and glioma: Bioinformatics analysis using TIMER2.0 (Supplementary Figures S4B–I) and GEPIA 2.0 (Supplementary Figures S4J–Q) revealed positive correlations between CLU expression and several genes (BAX, BCL2L1, PRNP, HSPA5, LRP2, TTR, all p < 0.05), suggesting synergistic or antagonistic interactions during glioma development.