MYC and colorectal cancer: Additionally, in colorectal cancer cells, MYC transcriptionally upregulated MTHFD2 through the activation of KRAS and its downstream signaling pathways protein kinase B (AKT) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/224, as the activation of KRAS/AKT/ERK pathways can stabilize MYC by inhibiting its ubiquitin-mediated degradation70.