In brief, an initial set of 798 genes linked to RA pathotypes18, genes encoding proteins interacting with known important RA therapeutic targets (TNF/TNFR, IL6/IL6R, etc.), genes from previous RA treatment response prediction models19,20,24,30, cell-specific genes from scRNA-seq studies21,22,33 and synovium-specific housekeeping genes based on analysis of PEAC, R4RA and STRAP RNA-seq data were submitted for the first custom panel. This evidence concerns the gene IL6R and rheumatoid arthritis.