The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules play a key role in T-cell–mediated self- and non–self-discrimination by the adaptive immune system in response to infectious diseases and cancer.1-5 In humans, the MHC system is known as human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and is located on the short arm of chromosome 6 on band 6p21.3. This evidence concerns the gene HLA-C and cancer.