Therefore, activation of AMPK stimulates the catabolic pathway (glucose utilization and β-oxidation) and inhibits the anabolic pathway (gluconeogenesis, protein synthesis, and lipogenesis) (5, 20), leading to the alleviation of hyperglycemia and liver steatosis in obesity and T2DM (12, 21, 22, 23). This evidence concerns the gene PRKAA2 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.