In this study, multivariate logistic analysis showed that high fever, accompanied by pleural effusion, increased levels of NLR, LDH, immunoglobulin lgM in serum, and MUC5AC in sputum are independent risk factors for fiberbronchoscopy treatment in children with lobar MPP, which was consistent with previous research (22, 23). Here, MUC5AC is linked to Pleural effusion.