Based on these findings, we conducted immunofluorescence experiments and detected high Gal-3 expression in tumor epithelial tissue (Fig. 1G; Fig. S1, top, case-1), which was also evident in fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment and was located primarily in the cytoplasm and cell membrane (Fig. 1G; Fig. S1, bottom, case-2). Here, LGALS3 is linked to neoplasm.