TGFB1 and cardiac hypertrophy: Histologically, GXST capsule can ameliorate myocardial pathologic changes and improve myocardial fibrotic areas and cardiac hypertrophy by upregulating intercellular connexins (N-cad and Cx-43) and downregulating angiogenis-associated proteins [Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA)], myocardial fibrosis-associated proteins (TGF-β1), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) to resist myocardial ischemic pathological changes (45, 46).