Mice which have risk factors for AD, such as the APOE4 allele, also are relevant because these mice exhibit increased excitability (Hunter et al., 2012; Paesler et al., 2015; Siwek et al., 2015; Lamoureux et al., 2021; Vande Vyver et al., 2022; Barbour et al., 2024), suggesting that there are many reasons for epileptiform activity in AD. This evidence concerns the gene APOE and Alzheimer disease.