ADSL and Alzheimer disease: AMPs have been associated with neurodegeneration in mammals, e.g. the AMP LL-37 which stimulates glial cells to release pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in Alzheimer’s disease progression.48 In the Drosophila brain, transgenic overexpression of AMPs results in neurodegeneration.10 Moreover, our previous studies have shown that expression of Imd-dependent AMPs in the brain increases in an age-dependent manner.11 In this context, AttacinD (AttD) is highly expressed in pirkko flies (Supplementary Fig. 4).