Pairwise De Long tests comparing AUCs for prediction of AKI to NGAL to the other markers showed significant difference against DKK-3 (p = 0.003) but not against Nephrocheck (p = 0.1) or KIM-1 (p = 0.25).[37] In patients undergoing emergency surgery, AUC values for AKI-SCr and AKI-UO were statistically insignificant apart from NGAL at 0.808 (95% CI 0.674–0.905, p < 0.001). Here, LCN2 is linked to acute kidney injury.