For example, combination of the inducible T cell costimulatory ligand (ICOS-L)-transduced B16 F10 cellular vaccine with CTLA4 blockade resulted in an enrichment of Th1 CD4+ T cells, effector CD8+ T cells and M1-like macrophages leading to an increased T cell function, immune cell infiltration and tumor rejection [88]. Here, CTLA4 is linked to neoplasm.