Liu et al. demonstrated that hypoxia-preconditioned MSCs activate the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and inhibit the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) signaling, resulting in reduced inflammatory cytokine secretion and improved tissue recovery in ischemia-reperfusion injury30. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and ischemia.