The analysis revealed that the risk score had the most substantial impact on predicting OS, suggesting that prognosis for GBM can be effectively predicted using the risk model based on TNFRSF12A and SFN. Calibration curves for 1 and 2 years demonstrated a reasonable alignment between expected and observed values (Fig. 7l–n). The gene discussed is TNFRSF12A; the disease is glioblastoma.