TGFB1 and leishmaniasis: Moreover, the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis for all studied miRNAs showed that the targeted genes were involved in several pathways, including the PI3 K-Akt signaling pathway, the Ras signaling pathway, the TGF-β signaling pathway, and the FOXO signaling pathway, which also have a pivotal role in the leishmaniasis pathogenesis.