Immunofluorescence analysis of the tumor sections suggested that the R-MAHA treatment evidently upregulated the levels of epithelial cell marker E-cadherin and noticeably diminished the levels of mesenchymal cell marker N-cadherin, and both effects were further strengthened by the R2×-MAHA treatment (Fig. 6d, e and Supplementary Fig. 35). The gene discussed is CDH2; the disease is neoplasm.