NRAS and myelodysplastic syndrome: The reprogramming of MDS cells into induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has proven to be of great utility in identifying key disease associated genes such as those located in del(7q)8; determining the order of mutations contributing to the clonal evolution of a MDS patient harbouring t(4;12), SF3B1, EZH2 and del5q mutations9, and in constructing a phenotypic roadmap of the clonal evolution of MDS to AML with NRAS as a driver of disease progression10.