The spectrum of CTNNB1 mutations varies between HCC and hepatocellular adenoma, with three distinct levels of β-catenin activation: (1) weak activation (S45, K335, N387 mutations), (2) moderate activation (T41 mutations), and (3) strong activation (exon 3 deletions and β-TRCP binding site mutations, D32-S37). The gene discussed is CTNNB1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.