Meanwhile, we observed that certain biomarkers (SLC7A5, PDE4D, CXCR4, PER1, PIK3R1, HBA1, HBB) were elevated during the pre-infection phase (LTBI), while others (SOCS3, GZMK, HIS1H3B) were upregulated in the post-infection phase (ATB). Here, PDE4D is linked to infection.