Using a Su/Hx-PAH mouse model and an MCT-PAH rat model, it was discovered that the pathogenic involvement of macrophages in pulmonary perivascular inflammation is contingent on macrophage-derived IL-1β through a Caspase-8-dependent canonical inflammasome pathway.220 STING pathway serves as a crucial link in inflammatory reactions, promoting the upregulation of NLRP3.8 In a study focused on Su/Hx-PAH, it was observed that STING activation played a significant role by upregulating the expression of NLRP3 and enhancing the activation of the macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.