Furthermore, alterations in SOD2 expression may contribute to dysregulated cell proliferation observed in PH, influencing vascular remodeling and hypertrophic responses.221 A study found that SOD2 was downregulated in the obstructive sleep apnea/chronic intermittent hypoxia model, and this deficiency intensified chronic intermittent hypoxia-PH and pulmonary vascular hypertrophy.221 Under chronic intermittent hypoxia conditions, CD11b+ cells, particularly monocytic myeloid cells of the Ly6C+Ly6G- subtype, exhibited elevated levels in the lung, bone marrow, and blood. Here, SOD2 is linked to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.